Impact of the Boko Haram Insurgency on the Child's Right to Education in Nigeria

Authors

  • Aisosa Jennifer Isokpan University of the Western Cape
  • Ebenezer Durojaye Dullar Omar Institute, Faculty of Law, University of the Western Cape

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17159/1727-3781/2016/v19i0a1299

Keywords:

Armed conflict, insurgency, Boko Haram, children’s rights, education, humanitarian assistance, internally displaced persons, counter-insurgency, civilian joint task force(CJTF).

Abstract

This paper is focused on the impact of the Boko Haram insurgency in Nigeria on the child’s right to education. The impact of armed conflict on the child’s right to education is discussed in the coIntext of the Boko Haram insurgency in Nigeria. The article concludes by assessing how the Nigerian government, in line with its obligations under international law, has lived up to its obligations to ensure the realization of the child’s right to education in the face of the insurgency in the North-eastern part of the country. Concrete recommendations are made to the Nigerian government with regard to addressing the impact of the insurgency on the rights of the child.

 

 

Google_Scholar_12043.png    ScienceOpen_Log034329.png

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

  • Aisosa Jennifer Isokpan, University of the Western Cape
    LL.B  (University of Benin, Nigeria) Graduate Lecturing Assistant, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa; 3508033@myuwc.ac.za
  • Ebenezer Durojaye, Dullar Omar Institute, Faculty of Law, University of the Western Cape
    LL.B (Lagos), LLM LLD (Free State); Project head and senior researcher, Socio-economic Rights Project, Dullar Omar Institute, Faculty of Law, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town South Africa

References

Bibliography

Literature

Abdullahi and Terhemba 2014 5 (1) Journal of Research in Education and Society

Abdullahi U and Terhemba GA “Effects of insecurity on primary school attendance in Damaturu Metropolis Yobe state, Nigeria” 2014 5(1) Journal of Research I Education and Society 32-8

Abdulrasheed, Onuselogu and Obioma 2015 3(4) American Journal of Educational Research

Abdulrasheed O, Onuselogu A & Obioma UG “Effect of insurgency on universal basic education in Borno state of Nigeria” 2015 3(4) American Journal of Educational Research 490-94

Agbiboa 2014 37 Studies in Conflict and Terrorism

Agbiboa D “Peace at daggers drawn? Boko Haram and the state of emergency in Nigeria” 2014 37 Studies in Conflict and Terrorism 41-67

Agbiboa 2015 Conflict Studies Quarterly

Agbiboa D “Resistance to Boko Haram: Civilian Joint Task Forces in North-Eastern Nigeria” 2015 Conflict Studies Quarterly 3-22

Agbiboa 2013 2(3) Stability: International Journal of Security and Development

Agbiboa D “The ongoing campaign of terror in Nigeria: Boko Haram versus the State” 2013 2(3) Stability: International Journal of Security and Development 1-18

Ajayi 2007 2(3) The Social Sciences

Ajayi IA “Achieving Universal Basic Education (UBE) in Nigeria: Strategies for improved funding and cost effectiveness” 2007 2(3) The Social Sciences 342-45

Albertyn et al 2003 19(4) Paediatric Surgery International

Albertyn R et al “The effects of war on children in Africa” 2003 19(4) Paediatric Surgery International 227-32

Ang A Commentary on the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (Article 38 Children in Armed Conflict)

Ang F A Commentary on the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (Article 38 Children in Armed Conflict) 2005 (Martinus Nijhoff Publishers The Hague)

Atsua and Abdullahi 2015 33(1) Knowledge Review

Atsua TG and Abdullahi U “Impact of Boko Haram insurgency on principals, teachers and students in senior secondary schools in Borno state, Nigeria” 2015 33(1) Knowledge Review 1-8

Baker 1990 60(4) American Journal of Orthopsychiatry

Baker AM “The psychological impact of the intifada on Palestinian children in the occupied territory West Bank and Gaza: An exploratory study” 1990 60(4) American Journal of Orthopsychiatry 496-505

Bamidele 2015 Conflict Studies Quarterly

Bamidele O “Beyond the shadows of terrorism: Boko Haram Crisis in North-Eastern Nigeria” 2015 Conflict Studies Quarterly 41-57

Barenbaum, Ruchkin and Schwab-Stone 2004 45(1) Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry

Barenbaum J, Ruchkin V & Schwab-Stone M “Psychosocial aspects of children exposed to war: Practice and policy initiatives” 2004 45(1) Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 41-62

Bellamy State of the world’s children 2005: Childhood under threat

Bellamy C State of the World’s Children 2005: Childhood under threat (2005) UNICEF.

Betancourt and Khan 2008 20 (3) International Review of Psychiatry

Betancourt TS & Khan KT ‘”The mental health of children affected by armed conflict: Protective processes and pathways to resilience” 2008 20 (3) International Review of Psychiatry 317-28

Brett 1996 4 (2) International Journal of Children’s Rights

Brett R “Child soldiers: Law, politics and practice” 1996 4 (2) International Journal of Children’s Rights 115-28

Concluding Observations and Recommendations on the 5th Periodic Report of the Federal Republic of Nigeria on the Implementation of the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights (2011-2014) 57th Ordinary Session 4-18 November 2015

Coursen-Neff Z “Attacks on education: Monitoring and reporting for prevention, early warning, rapid response and accountability’’

Coursen-Neff Z “Attacks on education: Monitoring and reporting for prevention, early warning, rapid response and accountability” in Protecting Education from Attack (2010) UNESCO

Duze 2012 4(2) International Journal of Education Administration and Policy Studies

Duze CO “Educational policies/programmes’ effects on attrition rates in primary schools in Nigeria” 2012 4(2) International Journal of Education Administration and Policy Studies 38-44.

Edame and Nwankwo 2013 4 (13) Research Journal of Finance and Accounting

Edame GE & Nwankwo C “The interaction between defence spending, debt service obligation and economic growth in Nigeria” 2013 4 (13) Research Journal of Finance and Accounting 61-72

Education for All Global Monitoring Report (2011) ‘The hidden crisis: Armed conflict and Education’ UNESCO

Elbert et al 2009 33 Child Abuse and Neglect

Elbert T et al “Trauma-related impairment in children- A survey of Sri Lankan provinces affected by armed conflict” 2009 33 Child Abuse and Neglect 238-46

Fabunmi 2005 4(2) International Journal of African and African American Studies

Fabunmi M “Historical Analysis of educational policy in Nigeria: Implications for educational planning and policy” 2005 4(2) International Journal of African and African- American Studies 1-7

Fafunwa History of education in Nigeria

Fafunwa AB History of Education in Nigeria 1974 (George Allen Unwen Uk)

Gabriel 2012 2(5) International Journal of Learning and Development

Gabriel A “Achieving Universal Basic Education in Nigeria since 1999: Women as partners” 2012 2(5) International Journal of Learning and Development 215-26

Joda & Abdulrasheed 2015 3(1) European Journal of Education and Development Psychology

Joda F & Abdulrasheed O “Effects of insurgency on girls education in North Eastern Nigeria” 2015 3(1) European Journal of Education and Development Psychology 44-50

Jones and Naylor The quantitative impact of armed conflict on education in Nigeria: Counting the human and financial costs

Jones A & Naylor R The quantitative impact of armed conflict on education in Nigeria: Counting the human and financial costs 2014 CfBT Education Trust

MJD Jordans et al 2010 51(7) Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry

Jordans MJD et al “Evaluation of a classroom-based psychosocial intervention in conflict-affected Nepal: a cluster randomized controlled trial” 2010 51(7) Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 818-26

Khan and Hamidu 2015 19(1) Jadavpur Journal of International Relations

Khan A & Hamidu I ‘Boko Haram and turmoil in Northern Nigeria’ 201519(1) Jadavpur Journal of International Relations 22-42

Labo-Popoola, Bello and Atanda 2009 6(5) Pakistan Journal of Social Sciences

Labo-Popoola SO, Bello AA & Atanda FA “Universal Basic Education in Nigeria: Challenges and the way forward” 2009 6(5) Pakistan Journal of Social Sciences 252-59.

Ladan “Strategies for adopting the national policy on IDPs and domesticating in Nigeria the African Union Convention for the Protection and Assistance of IDPs in Africa’ Being a paper presented at the National Summit on IDPs in Nigeria on 19-20 August 2015

Machel Impact of Armed Conflict on Children

G Machel ‘Impact of Armed Conflict on Children’ Report of the Expert of the Secretary General, submitted pursuant to the United Nations (UN) General Assembly Resolution 48/157 August 1996 A/51/306

Mooney 2005 24(3) Refugee Survey Quarterly

Mooney E “The concept of internal displacement and the case for internally displaced persons as a category of concern” 2005 24(3) Refugee Survey Quarterly 9-26

National Population Commission and ICF International Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey 2013 (2014)

Nwangwu 1997 33(1) Comparative Education

Nwangwu CC “The environment of crisis in the Nigerian education system” 1997 33(1) Comparative Education 87-95

Nwankpa 2014 5(1) Journal of Terrorism Research

Nwankpa M “The Politics of amnesty in Nigeria: A comparative analysis of the Boko Haram and the Niger Delta insurgencies” 2014 5(1) Journal of Terrorism Research 67-77

Odomovo 2014 3 Age of Human Rights Journal

Odomovo AS “Insurgency, counter-insurgency and human rights violations in Nigeria” 2014 3 Age of Human Rights Journal 46-62

Office of the Special Representative of the Secretary General for Children and Armed Conflict ‘Monitoring and Reporting Mechanism Guidelines’ March 2012

Ohiwerei 2014 3(9) Scholarly Journal of Education

Ohiwerei FO “Effects of Boko Haram insurgency/terrorism on business education in Nigerian universities” 2014 3(9) Scholarly Journal of Education 161-73

Oke and Labeodan “Boko Haram insurgence, the Chibok Girls’ abduction and the implication for the girl child in Nigeria”

Oke RO & Labeodan HA “Boko Haram insurgence, the Chibok Girls’ Abduction and the implication for the girl child in Nigeria” in Ross RE & Amenga-Etego R (eds) Unravelling and Reweaving the Sacred Canon in Africana Womanhood 2015 (Lexington Books Maryland)

Oladunjoye and Omemu 2013 (1) 2 British Journal of Education

Oladunjoye P & Omemu F “Effect of Boko Haram on school attendance in northern Nigeria” 2013 Vol 1 (2) British Journal of Education 1-9

Olofin 2012 2(6) American Journal of Economics

Olofin OP “Defence spending and poverty reduction in Nigeria” 2012 2(6) American Journal of Social Sciences 122-27

Olorunyomi 2014 3 International Journal of Asian and African Studies

Olorunyomi BR “Millenium Development Goals and the universal primary education in Nigeria (a case study of Ibadan North Local Government Area, Oyo state)” 2014 3 International Journal of Asian and African Studies 94-101

O’Mally Education under Attack

O’Mally B Education under attack 2010 UNESCO

O’Mally ‘The longer-term impact of attacks on education systems, development and fragility and the implication for policy responses’ Background paper prepared for the Education for All Global Monitoring Report 2011 UNESCO

Owoeye and Yara 2011 7(7) Asian Social Science

Owoeye JS & Yara PO “School facilities and academic achievement of secondary school agricultural science in Ekiti State, Nigeria” 2011 7(7) Asian Social Science 64-74

Report of the Special Rapporteur on the Right to Education A/HRC/8/10 20 May 2008

Report of the Special Rapporteur on the Right to Education ‘Promotion and protection of all human rights, civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights, including the right to development: Right to education in emergency situations’ A/HRC/8/10 20 May 2008

Report of the Special Representative of the Secretary General for Children and Armed Conflict 20 July 2015

Report of the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights on Violations and Abuses Committed by Boko Haram and the Impact on Human Rights in Affected Countries 29 September 2015 A/HRC/30/67

Rerries E & Winthrop R ‘Education and Displacement: Assessing conditions for refugees and internally displaced persons affected by conflict’ (2010) Background paper prepared for the Education for All Global Monitoring Report 2011 (2010) UNESCO 2011/ED/EFA/MRT/PI/38

Sanni 2015 18(3) African Journal for the Psychological Study of Social Issues

Sanni OB “Effects of insecurity and challenges of female’s education in Nigeria” 2015 18(3) African Journal for the Psychological Study of Social Issues 51-7

Thabet 2004 45(3) Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry

Thabet AAM, Abed Y & Vostanis P “Cosmorbidity of PSTD and depression among refugee children during war conflict” 2004 45(3) Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 533-42

UNESCO “The quantitative impact of conflict on education”

UNESCO “The quantitative impact of conflict on education” A think piece prepared for the Education for All Global Monitoring Report 2011 (2010) (2011/ED/EFA/MRT/P1/50) UNESCO Institute for Statistics

Umar and Manabete Peace and security: Challenges to education and communal existence in Nigeria

Umar B and Manabete SS “Peace and security: Challenges to education and communal existence in Nigeria’ in Dichaba M & Nwaozuzu D eds Rethinking Teaching and Learning in the 21st Century 2015 African Academic Research Forum South Africa

Yule W et al ‘Children in armed conflict’ 218

Yule W et al “Children in armed conflict” in Green BL et al eds Trauma Interventions in War and Peace 2003 (Springer US)

International Instruments

African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights Adopted by the Organisation of African Unity (OAU) Assembly in 1981 and entered into force on 21 October 1986.

African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child AU Doc. CAB/LEG/24.9/49 (1990) entered into force in November 1999.

African Union Convention for the Protection and Assistance of Internally Displaced Persons in Africa Adopted by the Special Summit of the African Union held in Kampala, Uganda on 22 October 2009 and entered into force on 6 December 2012.

Annual Report of the Secretary General ‘Children and armed conflict’ A/69/926-S/2015/409 5 June 2015

Annual Report of the Secretary General ‘Children and armed conflict’ A/68/878-S2014/339 15 May 2014 Annex II

Committee on Economic Social and Cultural Rights General Comment No. 13 ‘The Right to Education’ (Article 13) adopted at the 21st session of the Committee on 8th December 1999 E/C.12/1999/10

Convention on the Rights of the Child Adopted by the General Assembly Resolution 44/25 on 20 November 1989 and entered into force on 2 September 1990.

International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights Adopted by the General Assembly of the United Nations on 19 December 1966.

Protocol to the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights on the Rights of Women in Africa adopted by the Meeting of Ministers, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia on 28 March 2003, and the Assembly of the African Union at the second summit of the African Union in Maputo, Mozambique, 21 July 2003

Resolution 60/288 ‘The United Nations Global Counter-Terrorism Strategy’ Adopted by the General Assembly on 8 September 2006 (A/RES/60/288)

UNHCR Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement 22 July 1998 ADM 1.1, PRL 12.1, PR00/98/109

Universal Declaration of Human Rights adopted by the General Assembly resolution 217 A (111) of 10 December 1948

UN Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement 22 July 1998 ADM 1.1, PRL 12.1, PR00/98/109

United Nations Security Council Resolution 1882 (2009) adopted at its 6176th meeting on 4 August 2009 S/RES/1882(2009)

United Nations Security Council Resolution 1998 (2011) adopted at its 6581st meeting on 11 July 2011 S/RES/1998 (2011)

United Nations Security Council Resolution 2143(2014) was adopted by the council at its 7129th meeting on 7 March 2014 S/RES/2143(2014)

United Nations Security Council Resolution 2225 was adopted by the council at its 7466th meeting on 18 June 2015 S/RES/2225(2015)

United Nations Security Council Resolution 1379 (2001) adopted at it 4423rd meeting on 20 November 2001 S/RES/1379(2001)

United Nations Security Council Resolution 1612 (2005) adopted by the UNSC at its 5235th meeting on 26 July 2005 S/RES/1612 (2005)

United Nations Resolution 46/182 of 1991 adopted by the United Nations General Assembly at its 78 meeting on 19 December 1991 A/RES/46/182

Legislations

Child Rights Act 2003 Laws of the Federation of Nigeria 2010

Compulsory, Free Universal Basic Education Act 2004 Laws of the Federation of Nigeria 2010

Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 1999 (as amended)

Policy

Federal Republic of Nigeria National Policy on Education (2013) 6th Edition NERDC Press Lagos Nigeria

Federal Republic of Nigeria ‘National Policy on Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) in Nigeria’ 2012

Internet References

‘185 killed in Borno town, Baga, as soldiers, Boko Haram fight’ Premium Times 22 April 2013 http://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/130680-185-killed-in-borno-town-baga-as-soldiers-boko-haram-fight.html accessed 5 February 2016

A World at School ‘Safe schools initiative launched after kidnappings in Nigeria’ 7 May 2014 http://www.aworldatschool.org/news/entry/safe-schools-initiative-launched-in-nigeria accessed 19 February 2016

Ajayi A ‘Boko Haram: Nigerian Human Rights Commission laments number of out-of-school children Premium Times 29 November 2015 http://www.premiumtimesng.com/regional/nnorth-east/194074-boko-haram-nigeria-human-rights-commission-laments-number-of-out-of-school-children.html accessed 6 February 2016

Oyewobi A ‘NHRC decries neglect of 4000 IDPs in Taraba’ Premium Times 17 January 2016 http://www.premiumtimesng.com/regional/nnorth-east/196920-nhrc-decries-neglect-of-4000-idps-in-taraba.html accessed 5 February 2016

Agba G et al ‘Nigeria: Boko haram attack on Yobe school, “You’ll burn in hell”, Jonathan tells sect’ All Africa 8 July, 2013 http: //allafrica.com/stories/201307080649.html accessed 1 February 2016

Akresh R and De Walque D ‘Armed conflict and schooling: Evidence from the 1994 Rwandan genocide’ (2008) World Bank Policy Research Working Paper http://ssrn.com/abstract=1149109 accessed 10 February 2015

Amnesty International ‘Stars on their shoulders, blood on their hands: War crimes committed by the Nigerian military’ June 2015 www.amnestyusa.org/sites/default/files/report.compressed.pdf accessed 11 February 2015

Amnesty International ‘ “If you see it, you will cry”: Life and death in Giwa Barracks’ (2016) http://mb.cision.com/Public/13179/2005970/a7b36e15b192bee3.pdf accesses 27 May 2016

‘Analysis: Nigerians on the run as military combat Boko Haram’ IRIN 22 May 2013 www.irinnews.org/report/98076/analysis-nigerians-on-the-run-as-military-combat-boko-haram accessed 4 February 2016

Anumba E ‘Boko Haram Kills 350 teachers and destroys 512 schools’ The Sun 9 December 2015 www.sunnewsonline.com/new/buni-yadi-students-massacre-yobe/ accessed 5 February 2016

A World at School ‘#BringBackOurGirls: Events held around the world on anniversary of Chibok abductions’ April 14 2015 http://www.aworldatschool.org/news/entry/chibok-girls-anniversary-events-held-around-the-world-1873 accessed 27 December 2015

‘Chibok rescue: From #BringBackOurGirls to #HopeEndures’ BBC News 18 May 2016 http://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-36324577 accessed 6 June 2016

‘Civilian vigilante groups increase dangers in North eastern Nigeria’ IRIN 12 December 2013 www.irinnews.org/fr/report/99320/civilian-vigilante-groups-increase-dangers-in-northeastern-nigeria accessed 4 February 2016

Cox ME ‘War, blockades, and hunger: Nutritional deprivation of German children 1914-1924’ (2013) http://www.histproj.org/completed/COX_War,%20Blockades,%20and%20Hunger.pdf accessed 25 November 2015

‘Dasuki’s arms deal scandal and blood of the innocent’ Vanguard 9 December 2015 http://www.vanguardngr.com/2015/12/dasukis-arms-deal-scandal-and-blood-of-the-innocent/ accessed 11 March 2016

‘IDP Protection Strategy 2015’ Protection Sector Working Group Nigeria https://www.humanitarianresponse.info/en/system/files/documents/files/idp_protection_strategy_march_2015_1.pdf accessed 1 February 2016

Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre (IDMC) ‘Nigeria: Multiple displacement crisis overshadowed by Boko Haram’ (2014) http://www.internaldisplacement.org/assets/library/Africa/Nigeria/pdf/201412-af-nigeria-overview-en.pdf accessed 20 February 2016

IOM and NEMA Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) Round VII Report December 2015 https://nigeria.iom.int/sites/default/files/dtm/01_IOM%20DTM%20Nigeria_Round%20VII%20Report_20151223.pdf accessed 18 February 2016

K Ogundamisi ‘Exploitation of internally displaced persons in Nigeria’ Premium Times 12 July 2015 www.premiumtimesng.com/exploitation-of-internally-displaced-persons-in-nigeria-by-kayode-ogundamisi/ accessed 20 February 2016

‘Male suicide bomber kills 3 civilian JTF members near Maiduguri’ Sahara reporters 13 June 2015 www.saharareporters.com/2015/06/13/male-suicide-bomber-kills-3-civilian-jtf-members-near-maiduguri accessed 4 February 2015

Amnesty International Report ‘Nigeria: ‘Keep away from school or we will kill you’: Right to education under attack in Nigeria, October 2013 https://www.amnesty.org/download/Documents/.../afr440192013en.pdf accessed 2 February 2016

‘Nigerian school blast kills dozens’, The Guardian (Nigeria) Monday 10 November 2014, http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/nov/10/nigeria-school-bomb-blast accessed 2 February 2016

Office of the UN Special Envoy for Global Education ‘Safe School Initiative Launched’ Press Release 7 May 2014 http://educationenvoy.org/press-release-safe-schools-initiative-launched-at-world-economic-forum/ accessed 19 February 2016

Ogene A ‘Nigerian vigilantes aim to rout Boko Haram’ Aljazeera 31 May 2014 www.aljeezera.com/indepth/features/2014/05/nigerian-vigilantes-aim-rout-boko-haram-2014526123758444854.html accessed 4 February 2015

Otuchikere C ‘603 Civilian JTF killed by Boko Haram’ All Africa 30 June 2015 www.allafrica.com/stories/201506300050.html accessed 4 February 2016

Owete F ‘Mixed reactions trail declaration of state of emergency in Borno, Yobe and Adamawa’ Premium Times 14 May 2013 http://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/134285-mixed-reactions-trail-declaration-of-state-of-emergency-in-borno-yobe-adamawa.html accessed 5 February 2016

‘Sambisa forest battle: 3 soldiers killed as Nigerian Army commences attack on Boko Haram’ Premium Times 6 December 2015 http://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/headlines/194654-sambisa-forest-battle-3-soldiers-killed-as-nigerian-army-commences-attack-on-boko-haram.html accessed 6 February 2016

‘Shettima meets civilian JTF, unfolds welfare package for members’ Information Nigeria 30 December 2015 www.informationnigeria.com,2015/12/shettima-meets-civilian-jtf-%2%80%8eunfolds-welfare-package-for-members.html accessed 4 February 2015

UNHCR concerned about displaced Nigerians, calls on neighbouring countries to keep borders open’ UNHCR 29 May 2013 www.unhcr.org/cgi-bin/texis/vtx/search?page=search&docid=51a602776&query=boko%20haram accessed 1 February 2016

UNICEF ‘Nigeria conflict forces more than one million children out of school’ 22 December 2015 http://www.unicef.org/media/media_86621.html accessed 1 February 2016

UNICEF ‘Insecurity threatens gains in girls education’ June 15 2014 http://www.unicef.org/nigeria/media_8480.html accessed 19 February 2015

UNICEF Child Alert ‘Missing childhoods: Impact of armed conflict on children in Nigeria and beyond’ April 2015 http://www.unicef.org/media/files/Child_Alert_MISSING_CHILDHOODS_Embargo_00_01_GMT_13_April.pdf accessed June 1 2016

UNICEF ‘Nigerian Humanitarian Situation Report’ 1 June 2015 www.unicef.org/appeals/files/UNICEF_Nigeria_Sitrep_North_East_1_June_2015.pdf accessed 11 February 2015

UNICEF ‘Nigerian Humanitarian Situation Report’ 1 October 2015 http://www.unicef.org/appeals/files/UNICEF_Nigeria_Humanitarian_Report_1_Oct_2015.pdf accessed 20 February 2016

UNICEF ‘Nigerian Humanitarian Situation Report’ 1 November 2015 http://www.unicef.org/appeals/files/UNICEF_Nigeria_Humanitarian_SitRep_1_Nov_2015.pdf accessed 20 February 2016

UNICEF Nigeria ‘UN Special Representative for Children and Armed Conflict call for urgent action to protect children in the North East Nigeria’ 16 January 2015 https://childrenandarmedconflict.un.org/press-release/urgent-action-to-protect-children-in-north-east-nigeria/ accessed 18 December 2015

UNICEF Press Centre ‘Over 1.4 million children forced to flee conflict in Nigeria and region’ 18 September 2015 http://www.unicef.org/media/media_85551.html accessed 16 December 2015

‘The Buni Yadi students massacre in Yobe State’ The Sun 2 March 2014 www.sunnewsonline.com/new/buni-yadi-students-massacre-yobe/ accessed 5 February 2016

Watchlist on Children and Armed Conflict “Who will care for us?” Grave Violations against children in armed conflict’ September 2014 www.watchlist.org/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2111-Watchlist-Nigeria_LR.pdf accessed 5 February 2016

World Report 2014: Nigeria Human Rights Watch available at www.hrw.org/world-report/2014/country-chapters/nigeria accessed 27 December 2015

List of Abbreviations

ACRWC African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child

AP1 And AP2 Additional Protocols of 1977

CFRN 1999 Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 1999

CJTF Civilian Joint Task Force

CRC Convention on the Rights of the Child

CRA 2003 Childs Rights Act 2003

EFA Education for All

GCIV 1949 Fourth Geneva Convention 1949

ICESCR International Covenant on Economic Social and Cultural Rights

IDPs Internally Displaced Persons

JTF Joint Task Force

MDG Millennium Development Goals

MRM Monitoring and Reporting Mechanism

NDHS Nigerian Demographic and Health Survey

NPE National Policy on Education

OHCHR United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights

OOSC Out-of School-Children

PTSD Post Traumatic Stress Disorder

SUBEB State Universal Basic Education Board

UBE Universal Basic Education

UBE Act Compulsory, Free Universal Basic Education Act

UN United Nations

UNSC United Nations Security Council

UNICEF United Nation Children’s Emergency Fund

UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation

Published

17-05-2017

Issue

Section

Articles

How to Cite

Isokpan, A. J., & Durojaye, E. (2017). Impact of the Boko Haram Insurgency on the Child’s Right to Education in Nigeria. Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal, 19, 1-43. https://doi.org/10.17159/1727-3781/2016/v19i0a1299

Similar Articles

201-210 of 1147

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.