When Context Matters - Application and Potential of Financial Crime Risk Indicators in Selected African Jurisdictions

Authors

  • Karl Marxen University of Johannesburg

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17159/1727-3781/2022/v25i0a14586

Keywords:

international financial crime, risk indicator, crime risk indicators, suspicious transaction, commercial fraud, money laundering, illicit capital flows, illicit financial flows, de-risking, derisking

Abstract

This paper explores the application and potential of financial crime risk indicators in the international banking and mercantile transactions. Special emphasis is placed on lists of financial crime risk indicators which are circulated, or have been drafted, by governments and public institutions in Sub-Saharan Africa. This paper investigates, inter alia, whether such financial crime risk indicator lists created by African institutions differ noticeably – regarding content, drafting style, and availability – from other well-established indicator lists, and whether African financial crime risk indicator lists appropriately represent African commercial realities and thus meaningfully contribute to fighting financial crime on the continent and beyond.

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Author Biography

Karl Marxen, University of Johannesburg

Research Associate, Faculty of Law, University of Johannesburg, South Africa. Lecturer in Private Law, Company Law, and Commercial Law at WelfenAkademie Braunschweig, Germany

References

Bibliography

Literature

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Legislation

Botswana

Banking Act (Anti-Money Laundering) Regulation, 2003 (Statutory Instrument No 17 of 2003)

Government or other official publications

East African Community

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European Union

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Ghana

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Kenya

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Nigeria

Nigerian Financial Intelligence Unit AML/CFT Operational Guidance for Dealers in Precious Metals and Stones (Jewellers) (date unknown)

Nigerian Financial Intelligence Unit Money Laundering Indicators (date unknown)

South Africa

Financial Intelligence Centre (South Africa) Guidance Note 4B on Reporting of Suspicious and Unusual Transactions and Activities to the Financial Intelligence Centre in Terms of Section 29 of the Financial Intelligence Centre Act, 2001 (Act 38 of 2001) (March 2019)

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Tanzania

Financial Intelligence Unit (Tanzania) Anti-Money Laundering Guidelines to Banking Institutions – Guidelines No 2 (April 2009)

Uganda

Financial Intelligence Authority (Uganda) Guidelines on Identifying Suspicious Transactions (April 2016)

Zambia

Bank of Zambia Anti-Money Laundering Directives (2004)

Financial Intelligence Centre (Zambia) Suspicious Transactions Reporting Guidelines – Banking Sector (2015)

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Published

27-10-2022

How to Cite

Marxen, K. (2022). When Context Matters - Application and Potential of Financial Crime Risk Indicators in Selected African Jurisdictions. Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal, 25, (Published 27 October 2022) pp 1 – 22. https://doi.org/10.17159/1727-3781/2022/v25i0a14586

Issue

Section

Special Edition: Festschrift - Charl Hugo

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